SUMMARY - Policy Reform Movements
A woman sits at the front of a bus in Montgomery, Alabama, in December 1955, refusing to give up her seat to a white passenger as law and custom demanded, her act of refusal neither spontaneous nor isolated but part of a long-prepared movement that had been waiting for the right moment to challenge segregation, her arrest triggering a bus boycott that would last over a year and help catalyze a civil rights movement that would transform American law and society, policy that had seemed permanent proving vulnerable to sustained collective action by those it oppressed.