SUMMARY - Rare Earths and Critical Minerals: Strategic, Scarce, and Risky
The clean energy transition requires materials that are anything but clean to extract. Lithium for batteries. Cobalt for cathodes. Neodymium for wind turbine magnets. Copper for everything electrical. These critical minerals are the new strategic resources, essential for technologies that decarbonization demands. Canada has significant deposits and ambitions to develop them. But mining for clean energy replicates extraction's environmental and social problems, raising uncomfortable questions about whether we're trading one set of problems for another.